- Reliabilty can be defined as concerned with answering the question " How much of an individual test performance is due to measurement error, or to factor other than the language ability we want to measure?" and with minimizing the effects of these factors on test scores.
- Meanwhile validity define as a concerned with the question "How much of an individual's test performance is due to the language abilities we want to measure? And with maximizing the effects of these abilities on test score. ( Bachman, 1990: 160-161)
Validation theory
- Validation is a process of establishing the validity of a test, which is one of the basic concern of language testing. It involves gathering and evaluating the evidence for the reliability and validity of a test when used for a given purpose ( Davies et al, 1999)
- When validity standard were first codified, five types of validity were identified:
1. Face validity
2. Content validity
3. Predictive validity
4. Concurrent validity
5. Construct validity
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